This Jackdaw is the appropriate reading level for upper elementary, middle school and high school students reading below grade level. It contains the same, ready-to-use, hands-on historical documents as the original, upper-level Jackdaw; most of the documents are actual-size replicas. The fully reproducible Broadsheets provide historical background for understanding the documents.

This Jackdaw sheds new light on Columbus the entrepreneur, the native peoples he and others encountered, and prior European explorations of the North American continent through the historian’s revealing perspective on the explorers’ contacts, encounters and relationships with the natives. Students will study both history and geography using the many maps and other hands-on documents, and gain a fresh view of the age of exploration. Historian: Louis De Vorsey, Jr., adapted by Muriel L. Dubois. The contents of this Jackdaw feature:

• Columbus’s World and Enterprise
• Contacts, Encounters, Relationships
• Encounters Before Columbus
• Naming America

• Topographia Christiana by Cosmas of Alexandria.
• Portrait Christopher Columbus by Laurens Lotto in 1512.
• Martin Behaim’s globe gores.
• The first engraving of Martin Behaim’s world map, 1730.
• “Oecumene” of Claudius Ptolemy, 1482.
• World map engraved for Giuseppe Rosaccio, c. 1610.
• Engravings, Theodor de Bry fromAmericae pars quarta .
• Map of America engraved Cornelius de Jode in 1593.
• Suma de Geografia, Martin Fernandez de Encisco, 1519.
• Map of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan, 1521.
• Reproduction of Yale Vinland Map.
• Page from 13th c. manuscript Icelandic Saga.
• Champlain’s chart of the Gulf of Maine, in full-color.
• Reproduction of Martin Waldseemuller’s map.